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Kian Khan
Nov 23, 20233 min read

The Ongoing Challenge of Asylum Seekers in the UK: A Closer Look

Updated: Nov 24, 2023

By Kian Khan

Editor - Emily Whitchurch


The opinions expressed in this article reflect the opinions of its author(s). They do not represent the views of the UCL International Relations Society, Circum Mundum, or its Editorial Team.


Introduction


The issue of asylum seekers in the UK is one that has generated considerable debate and controversy over the years. While the UK has a long history of offering refuge to those fleeing persecution and conflict, recent years have seen a shift in public sentiment and government policies. This article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the situation, providing examples and statistics to shed light on the current state of affairs.


A Shift in Attitudes


In recent years, the UK's response to asylum seekers has been influenced by a shift in public attitudes. Public opinion polls have indicated growing scepticism and reluctance towards accepting asylum seekers. In April 2023, the Migration Observatory reported that 37% of the British public think migration to the UK should be made more difficult for asylum seekers. This shift can be attributed, in part, to political rhetoric and media coverage that often portrays asylum seekers in a negative light. One striking example of this shift is the so-called "hostile environment" policy, which was introduced by the UK government in 2012. This policy aimed to make it more difficult for undocumented migrants, including asylum seekers, to access public services such as healthcare and housing. While the policy has faced significant criticism, it remains in place today.


Statistics Tell a Story


To gain a clearer understanding of the situation, it is essential to examine the statistics. According to the Home Office's latest figures, the UK received 37,459 asylum applications in the year ending September 2020, which marked a decrease from previous years. However, for context, the UK ranked 17th in Europe for the number of asylum applications per capita, suggesting it is not bearing an excessive burden compared to other European nations.

One concerning statistic is the rate of asylum appeals and judicial reviews. The Independent Chief Inspector of Borders and Immigration reported that the number of asylum appeals and judicial reviews has steadily increased over the years, with a significant backlog in the system. This backlog has resulted in lengthy delays for individuals awaiting decisions on their asylum claims. For example, a decision on an immigration appeal from the First-tier Tribunal Immigration and Asylum Chamber can take from between six months to a year.


Detention and Deportation


The UK's approach to immigration detention has also faced criticism. The country has one of the largest immigration detention estates in Europe, with several detention centres scattered across the country. The practice of detaining asylum seekers, sometimes for extended periods, has been condemned by human rights organisations.

In addition to detention, the UK has faced scrutiny for its deportation practices. High-profile cases, such as the attempted deportation of Osime Brown, a young man with autism, have raised questions about the fairness and compassion of the deportation process.


A Lack of Solidarity


A significant challenge in addressing the asylum seeker situation in the UK is the lack of solidarity among European nations. The Dublin Regulation, which determines which EU member state is responsible for processing asylum claims, often places the burden on countries with external borders, such as Italy and Greece. The UK's departure from the EU has further complicated matters, as it is no longer part of the Dublin system.

This lack of solidarity has created tensions within the EU and has led to a patchwork of policies and practices across member states. The recent influx of Ukrainian refugees, for example, has highlighted the disparity in treatment between European and non-European asylum seekers.


A Way Forward


While the challenges facing asylum seekers in the UK are significant, there is room for a more compassionate and coordinated approach. The example of the Temporary Protective Directive (TPD) for Ukrainian refugees, which grants collective rights without individual examinations, demonstrates a more humane way of handling displacement crises.

The UK can also learn from countries like Canada, which has implemented successful refugee resettlement programs that prioritise integration and support for newcomers.


Conclusion


The situation of asylum seekers in the UK is a complex and contentious issue. While public sentiment and government policies have shifted in recent years, it is essential to base discussions and decisions on facts, statistics, and a commitment to upholding international obligations. Addressing the challenges faced by asylum seekers requires a comprehensive and coordinated approach, both within the UK and among European nations. By prioritising compassion, fairness, and solidarity, the UK can work towards a more equitable and just response to those seeking refuge within its borders.



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